National Radiobiology Archives
by Charles R. Watson
|
Introduction
The U.S. National Radiobiology Archives (NRA) is an archival program that was started in 1989 and whose original mission was to collect, organize, and catalog data, laboratory notebooks, and animal tissue specimens from government (i.e. DOE and its predecessor agencies) sponsored radiobiology life-span studies performed at various National Laboratories and universities since the 1940's. The NRA is part of a greater international program that includes the European Radiobiology Archives and the Japanese Radiobiology Archives (Gerber, Watson, Sugahara and Okada 1996). These materials form a unique resource with great potential value for future studies. The NRA includes valuable archived records and specimens that are stored and maintained in a centralized facility and are available for additional future research or analyses if and when needed.
The NRA program operated by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) for the U.S. Department of Energy was transferred to the USTUR operations at WSU in 1996. The initial transfer included a limited collection of paraffin- embedded tissue blocks, microscope slides, clinical notes, pathologist observations, and several pieces of computer equipment. These specimens have been cataloged and are housed with the USTUR archives.
Life-Span Studies Using Beagle Dogs
| The major thrust of the early studies was to determine the level, rate, and extent of the radiological and toxicological effects induced by ingested or inhaled radionuclides, including plutonium and other transuranics. Over several decades, a variety of life-span studies using beagle dogs were initiated at the Argonne National Laboratory, University of California at Davis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute, and the University of Utah. The results and many microscope slides from these life-span studies, totaling some 6000 dogs, have been transferred to the NRA and are now available to researchers. |
The Atlas of Experimentally-Induced Neoplasia in the Beagle Dog
The Atlas of Experimentally-Induced Neoplasia in the Beagle Dog (Watson et al, 1997) facilitates comparison of neoplastic lesions observed by pathologists from the five laboratories. Different types of bone tumors, radiation-induced myeloid leukemia, liver tumors, lung tumors, and thyroid tumors are described and a standardized SNODOG morphology code is given for each diagnosis. The atlas also includes over 120 detailed histopathologic photographs. The original histopatholgic slides from the beagle studies are housed in the NRA.
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Histopathologic images from the Atlas of Experimentally-Induced Neoplasia in the Beagle Dog (1997). (a) Myeloid Leukemia, (b) Idiopathic Follicular Atrophy, (c) Monocytic Leukemia. | |||
Life-Span Studies Using Rodents
Results from some 30,000 mice from studies comparing various strains have been transferred from Oak Ridge National Laboratory and Brookhaven National Laboratory. In addition, records, data, and many microscope slides from life-span studies on some 4,000 rats that were used for plutonium inhalation studies at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and biokinetic and pathological data from experiments on more than 300 nonhuman primates have been added to the archive collection. Although the original archive collection at the NRA included formalin and/or alcohol-fixed tissues and thousands of radiographic films, concerns over the storage of such hazardous materials, coupled with budgetary constraints, led to proper disposal of these items which therefore were not transferred to the Registries with the other materials.
Acquiring NRA Data for Research
Like its sister program, the National Human Radiobiology Tissue Repository, materials from the NRA are made freely available to scientists and other investigators. Persons interested in access to the material and information in the database are encouraged to contact those responsible for the respective domain (NRA, ERA, JRA). Addresses to which such requests can be made are given below. Typically, such demands will be initiated by telephone or personal conversation which will help to refine the initial query and lead to a formal written response. The information can either be handled at the respective centers where the data base is stored, or subsets of the data base can be sent to users in a format appropriate to their computer hardware/software. However, it must be emphasized that the data remain the intellectual property of the scientists who carried out the studies and of the institutions which sponsored and funded them. Any use of the material in the archives for further evaluation and publication will require the written consent of these institutes/scientists. This consent must be secured by the person making the application for use. Brief descriptions of NRA tissue and document collections can be accessed using the following links:
NRA Tissue Archives »
NRA Document Archives »
References
Gerber, G. B.; Watson, C.R.; Sugahara, T.; Okuda, S. International Radiobiology Archives of Long- Term Animal Studies, Vol. 1, Descriptions of Participating Institutions and Studies. Report DOE/RL-96-72. U.S. Department of Energy, Richland, WA. July 1996.
Watson, C. R.; Dagle, G. E.; Benjamin, S. A.; Fritz, T. E.; Gillett, N. A.; Haley, P. J.; Hahn, F. F.; Muggenburg, B. A.; Pool, R. R.; Seed, T. M.; Taylor, G. N.;Tolle, D. V. Atlas of Experimentally-Induced Neoplasia in the Beagle Dog. Battelle Memorial Institute. 1997.
How to contact the NRA:
Dr. Anthony C. James
United States Transuranium and Uranium Registries
Washington State University
1845 Terminal Dr. Suite 201
Richland, WA 99354-4959, USA
Tel. 509-946-6870 x107
Fax. 509-946-7972
E-mail tjames@tricity.wsu.edu
Dr. Charles R. Watson
United States Transuranium and Uranium Registries
Washington State University
1845 Terminal Dr. Suite 201
Richland, WA 99354-4959, USA
Tel. 509-946-6870 x109
Tel. 509-946-9484 (at home)
Fax. 509-946-7972
E-mail cwatson@tricity.wsu.edu
How to contact the ERA:
Dr. Bernd Grosche
Head Section "Radiation Epidemiology"
Federal Office for Radiation Protection
Germany
Tel. (+49) 1888 333 2250
Fax. (+49) 1888 333 2205
E-mail: bgrosche@bfs.de
http://www.bfs.de
Prof. Dr. Georg Gerber
B-2400 Mol, de Heylanden 7, Belgium
Tel. (+32) 14 317903 (at home usually in the afternoon)
Tel. (+32) 14 335199 (at the SCK/CEN usually in the morning)
Fax. (+32) 14 314793
E-mail ggerber@sckcen.be
How to contact the JRA:
Dr. Shin Saigusa (Scientific Secretary, JRA)
Reseach Center for Radiation Safety
National Institute of Radiological Sciences
4-9-1 Anakawa, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, 263-8555, Japan
Tel. (+81) 43 206 2111 ext. 6473
Fax. (+81) 43 206 4138
E-mail sci-secretary@jrba.info or saigusa@nirs.go.jp
This page was last updated on May 1, 2008. usturwebmaster@tricity.wsu.edu
Secondary content using h2 tag.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
Life is good at WSU.
Secondary content can be almost anything. If you are not using this region delete all the content that is in between the div tags with the id ="additional".
A unique richness of students, faculty, location, activities, and organizations creates a full, lively student life at the University. This section gives you the insider's view on student life and a sampling of the opportunities here.
"Glimpses." Students talk about life at WSU
These brief posts are written by WSU students to give you a personal look through their window on campus life.